Cilmi-baaris dhowaan la sameeyay ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in rakaabka diyaaradaha ay inta badan la kulmaan heer aad u sarreeya oo wasakhowga walxaha ultrafine (UFP) ah inta lagu jiro taksiga iyo inta lagu jiro wadada diyaaradaha. Walxahaan ultrafine-ka ah, oo ka yar 100 nanometer (0.1 micrometers), si fudud ayay uga gudbi karaan shaandheeyayaasha caadiga ah waxayna si qoto dheer u geli karaan sambabada, taasoo keeni karta khataro caafimaad oo muddo dheer ah.
In kasta oo maaskarada N95 loogu talagalay inay sifeeyaan walxaha yaryar sida 0.3 micrometers (300 nanometers), haddana waxay bixiyaan heer ilaalin oo muhiim ah oo ka dhan ah walxaha aadka u fiican. Saamaynta dhaqdhaqaaqa Brownian awgeed, maaskarada N95 waxay si wax ku ool ah u qaban karaan xitaa walxaha yaryar marka loo eego sidii la filayay.
Fiirsashada walxaha ultrafine-ka ah ayaa si gaar ah u badan inta lagu jiro taksiga, gaar ahaan marka diyaaraddu ay fadhido ama ay gadaashiisa ka dambeyso diyaarad kale. Matoorada diyaaradaha waxay sii daayaan isku-darka wasakheeyayaasha, oo ay ku jiraan walxaha qashinka ah (PM), isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah ee isbeddela (VOCs), iyo uumiga shidaalka. Wasakheeyayaashan, gaar ahaan VOCs, waxay soo geli karaan qolka, iyagoo si weyn u waxyeelleynaya tayada hawada inta lagu jiro duulista iyo soo degista.
In kasta oo heerarka PM2.5 si caadi ah loogu cabbiro garoomada diyaaradaha, haddana walxahani si toos ah uma xiriiraan walxaha ultrafine, kuwaas oo ay adag tahay in la ogaado. PM2.5 waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa cabbir aan toos ahayn oo loogu talagalay walxaha ultrafine, maadaama joogitaankoodu uu la xiriiro uruurinta walxaha yaryar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khataraha caafimaad ee la xiriira walxaha ultrafine waxay si dhow ula xiriiraan tiradooda iyo baaxadda dusha sare marka loo eego cufnaantooda.
In kasta oo maaskarada N95 aysan ku fiicnayn shaandhaynta walxaha ultrafine-ka ah, haddana waxay bixiyaan ilaalin wax ku ool ah oo ka dhan ah wasakhowga hawada ee kala duwan. Xidhashada maaskarada N95 inta lagu jiro taksiga, duulista, iyo degista waxay gacan ka geysan kartaa yareynta soo-gaadhista walxaha qashinka ah iyo VOC-yada waxyeelada leh. Rakaabka si gaar ah ugu nugul wasakhowga hawada, sida kuwa la kulma lallabbo ama calaamadaha neefsashada, taxaddarkan fudud wuxuu bixin karaa ilaalin qiimo leh oo ka dhan ah heerarka sare ee wasakhowga walxaha ultrafine-ka ah ee jira inta lagu jiro marxaladahan duulimaadka.
